A recent study has revealed that Indonesia's significant expansion of captive coal capacity to fuel the nickel industry is posing a substantial risk to both the country's climate targets and economic competitiveness. The operational and planned industrial coal capacity for the nickel boom has tripled since 2023, overtaking Australia's entire coal fleet and approaching Germany's total. This surge in coal capacity has raised concerns about heightened emissions and the long-term sustainability and competitiveness of the economy, highlighting the urgent need for Indonesia to re-evaluate its energy strategy in the context of climate change and global decarbonization efforts.